Genomes

  • Potential for gene editing
  • Everyone has the same genes, but most people have different alleles (variants)
  • Benefits of finding your genome variants - disease related
  • Protein structure can determine types of variants
  • Carrying an allele can mean high risk but not guarantee a disease
  • Genetics inform about ancestry
  • There are lots of mutations, not all have an effect (eg cancer)
  • Similar species have similar genomes
  • Visualization is cool - circos plots - see variants, pathways, structural rearrangements
  • How many variants cause a disease
  • Different locations associated with a single disease / pathway / phenotype
  • We now know links between genotype and phenotype (in human)
  • We’re mostly the same genetically
  • Lots of pathways - lots of genes for each - spread out
  • Pleiotropy - one gene affects different phenotype
  • We know certain alleles in genes and what they code for - phenotype
  • Genotypes connected to career
  • Microbiomes! There are whole communities of bacteria everywhere and we can now identify millions of them with genome sequencing